Theories of domestic violence Essay Example

Theories of domestic violence Essay There are many different theories as to the causes of domestic force ( maltreatment ) . These include psychological theories that consider personality traits and mental features of the wrongdoer, every bit good as societal theories which consider external factors in the wrongdoer s environment, such as emphasis, societal acquisition and drug and intoxicant maltreatment. Psychological theoriesfocal point on personality traits and mental features of the wrongdoer. Harmonizing to this theoretical attack, features associated with persons who abuse their spouses include low self-esteem, isolation from societal support, a manipulative nature, and a desire for power and control ( Suman Kakar 1998 ) . These persons are likely to be unwilling to take duty for their ain actions, have utmost feelings of green-eyed monster and possessiveness, be excessively dependent on the victim, and/or have certain mental or psychological upsets. We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of domestic violence specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of domestic violence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of domestic violence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer An of import facet in the psychological theory is power and control. In some relationships, force arises out of a sensed demand for power and control. This is where the maltreater may utilize force as a scheme to derive or keep power and control over the victim. Abusers may experience the demand to command their spouse because of troubles in modulating choler and other strong emotions, or when they feel inferior to the other spouse in instruction and socioeconomic background. For case, in our society today, adult females have moved off from being merely a homemaker and taken up the function as a calling adult female . No thirster are adult females remaining place and be givening to the house while work forces go out and work. In fact, a batch of adult females have taken over occupations that were antecedently held my work forces ( adult females politicians ) . This has brought about a power battle in the household which frequently leads to domestic differences and maltreatment: S ome work forces with really traditional beliefs still think they have the right to command adult females, and that adult females are non equal to work forces, while adult females on the other manus, are competing for power and control. Stressmay be increased when a individual is populating in a household state of affairs, with increased force per unit areas. Social emphasiss, due to inadequate fundss or other such jobs in a household may farther increase tensenesss. Violence is non ever caused by emphasis, but may be one manner that some ( but non all ) people respond to emphasize. Families and twosomes in poorness may be more likely to see domestic force, due to increased emphasis and struggles about fundss and other facets. Some speculate that poorness may impede a adult male s ability to populate up to his thought of successful manhood , therefore he fears losing award and regard. As a consequence of him non being able to economically back up his married woman, and keep control, he may turn to violence as ways to show maleness. Social acquisition theorysuggests that people learn from detecting and patterning after others behavior. With positive support, the behaviour continues. If one observes violent behaviour, one is more likely to copy it. If there are no negative effects ( e.g. victim accepts the force, with entry ) , so the behavior will probably go on. Oftentimes, force is transmitted from coevals to coevals in a cyclical mode. Harmonizing to Faith St Catherine of the Women s Resource and Outreach Centre in Jamaica, there is a civilization of maltreatment, particularly among the interior metropolis hapless Surveies have found that about one half of opprobrious work forces grew up in places where their male parent or measure male parent was an maltreater. An environment where force is either taught, by illustration, or accepted as normal will form upon a kid s mind. For case, a immature male child may see his male parent come place from work rummy and angry, shouting at his female parent. He watche s his female parent effort to delight and pacify his male parent s bibulous behavior. The immature male child is being taught that force gets consequences. He is developing his ain thoughts about what makes a adult male. hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com/books? hl=en A ; lr= A ; id=BPT0HelrVcMC A ; oi=fnd A ; pg=PA201 A ; dq=Social+theories+of+Domestic+Violence A ; ots=9iVvl8_Tpr A ; sig=C9P8UBogyad2RePEnpeTk5JYs7Y # v=onepage A ; q= A ; f=false Drug and/or intoxicant maltreatmentmay be a precursor to domestic force. Substance maltreatment leads to out-of-control behavior. A rummy or high individual will be less likely to command his or her violent urges. However some have argued that maltreaters use drug and intoxicant as an alibi for their action. Yet, intoxicant is an of import hazard factor for spouse maltreatment. Harmonizing to University of the West Indies professor and gender expert in Trinidad, Rhoda Reddock: in Trinidad, many of the most ghastly slayings and sexual force are linked to mental disease brought approximately by drug and intoxicant dependence, severally. Since intoxicant lessenings control and raises the potency for moving on urge, it is non surprising that some feel it can be a accelerator for maltreatment. Often a individual is able to keep control of violent emotions when he is sober, but after a few drinks, he becomes opprobrious. The intoxicant has dulled his marbless and diminished his ability to command his pique. In the Caribbean or more specifically in Barbados, domestic force is going more and more evident in the society. Domestic force is rarely reported in the island, therefore why the true incidence of domestic force is unknown. In November of 2005, harmonizing to The World Health Organization ( WHO ) one adult female in every three ( 3 ) adult females are reported to be sexually abused during childhood or adolescence. The survey revealed that the most common signifiers of force is meted out by loved 1s. As mentioned earlier, domestic force is besides known to be closely linked with drug and intoxicant maltreatment. Harmonizing to Tessa Chaderton-Shaw, director, of the National Council of Substance Abuse ( NCSA ) , There are many cross-cutting issues with substance maltreatment anddomestic force She besides stated that, It can take to isolation, shame, guilt, initial denial, loss of support, low self-pride and a possible for condemnable engagement. Peoples so became more cognizant of Do mestic Violence in the state, and the consciousness has invariably been turning. Even the Barbados Police Force has taken domestic force under more serious consideration and had devised a strategic program to turn to domestic force and cut down its happening, harmonizing to Sergeant David Wiltshire. Wiltshire said that officers were sent to the United States and England for developing to react to domestic force issues. Mentions Theories hypertext transfer protocol: //social.jrank.org/pages/210/Domestic-Violence-Causes-Domestic-Violence.html hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_violence # Psychological hypertext transfer protocol: //wost201h_domviol.tripod.com/groupactionproject/id4.html Suman Kakar Condemnable Justice Approaches to Domestic Violence ( 1998 ) . Rhoda Reddock A ; Faith St Catherine hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/AllWoman/html/20061203T000000-0500_116180_OBS_CARIBBEAN_FACES_DOMESTIC_VIOLENCE_CHALLENGE_.asp Barbados A ; Domestic Violence hypertext transfer protocol: //archive.nationnews.com/archive_results.php? mode=allwords A ; IncludeStories=1 A ; numPer=20 A ; start=0 A ; keyword=Domestic+Violence A ; smartText

The Mozart Effect essays

The Mozart Effect essays THE CONTROVERSY BEHIND THE MOZART EFFECT Every aspiring mother and father in America dreams about having their child attend Harvard, or Yale, or MIT. For generations parents have attempted to get a head start on that dream in hopes that it would make the child smarter after conception. A good diet, exercise, singing, and verbal communication have all been said to help in producing a little Einstein. But now America has a new way to make their children smarter. It seems that the next generation will not be singing, talking to, playing with, or even teaching their children. All they have to do is turn on the radio or one of the many choices of tapes that have sprung up after America first learned about the Mozart Effect. This widely inclusive term stemmed from a 1993 study that found that college students had increased IQ scores after listening to a Mozart Sonata. Days after the news was released, it gave birth to a music industry, government legislation stating that all newborn babies were to be given a classical t ape, a new field of medicine: Music Therapy, and parents around the country playing Mozarts Sonata in D Major for Two Pianos to their newborns while ...waiting for Harvard to call... ( ). But on the other hand, it was a Harvard Medical School researcher named Chris Chabris that has discredited it as statistically insignificant (Chabris 54). The effect of music on young minds is a very controversial topic. The Mozart Effect is the use of music to enhance the quality of life in a variety of ways, including health, wellness, education,creativity and emotional expression (Kranz 1). It originated from a 1993 study on college students, and its results have been widely misinterpreted. The study found that listening to ...

Buscar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples

Buscar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples Buscar is a fairly common verb in Spanish that is usually translated as to look for or to search for. The conjugation of buscar is regular in pronunciation but irregular in spelling. This article includes buscar conjugations in the indicative mood (present, past, conditional, and future), the subjunctive mood (present and past), the imperative mood, and other verb forms. Using the Verb Buscar One major difference between the English verbs to look or to search and buscar, is that the Spanish version doesnt need to be followed by a preposition, which is a common mistake made by students learning the language. To avoid this confusion, you can think of buscar as meaning to seek. The conjugation of buscar is irregular in its spelling. Specifically, whenever a conjugated form of buscar would have the c followed by an e if it were regular, the c changes to qu. For example, to say I sought, you would use the form busquà © instead of buscà ©. You will find this spelling change also in the present subjunctive and some imperative conjugations. Common Uses of Buscar These common expressions include the verb buscar: buscar algo: to look for something - Busco mi lpiz (I look for my pencil).buscar algo: to look something up - Busco la respuesta en Internet (I look up the answer on the internet).buscar a alguien: to look for someone - Buscamos a Pedro (We are looking for Peter). Note that you need to include the personal a when looking for a specific person.buscar a alguien: to pick someone up - Voy a buscar a los nià ±os a las dos de la tarde. (Ill pick up the children at 2 p.m.). Here, again, you need the personal a. buscar [infinitivo]: to look to [verb] - Buscà ³ nadar en aguas ms seguras (He looked to swim in safer waters).se busca [sustantivo]: [noun] wanted - Se busca cocinero (Cook wanted).buscrsela: to look for trouble - Ella se la buscà ³ en las calles (She looked for trouble on the streets). The busca root can also be combined with several nouns to form compound nouns: el buscapersonas (sometimes shortened to busca) - pagerel buscapià ©s - firecrackerel/la buscaplata - fortune hunterel/la buscapleitos - troublemakerel/la buscarruidos - troublemaker, rabble-rouserel/la buscatesoros - treasure hunter, treasure seekerel/la buscavidas - ambitious person, busybody Buscar Present Indicative The verb buscar is regular in the present indicative tense. It follows the pattern of other -ar regular verb conjugations. Yo busco I search for Yo busco mis llaves por toda la casa. Tà º buscas You search for Tà º buscas a Carlitos en la escuela. Usted/à ©l/ella busca You/he/she searches for Ella busca la respuesta en el libro. Nosotros buscamos We search for Nosotros buscamos informacià ³n en Internet. Vosotros buscis You search for Vosotros buscis trabajo. Ustedes/ellos/ellas buscan You/they search for Ellos buscan oportunidades para mejorar. Buscar Preterite Indicative The preterite tense conjugations of buscar are regular, except for the spelling change that happens with the vowel e in the first person singular (yo). Yo busquà © I searched for Yo busquà ©mis llaves por toda la casa. Tà º buscaste You searched for Tà º buscaste a Carlitos en la escuela. Usted/à ©l/ella buscà ³ You/he/she searched for Ella buscà ³ la respuesta en el libro. Nosotros buscamos We searched for Nosotros buscamos informacià ³n en Internet. Vosotros buscasteis You searched for Vosotros buscasteis trabajo. Ustedes/ellos/ellas buscaron You/they searched for Ellos buscaron oportunidades para mejorar. Buscar Imperfect Indicative In the imperfect tense, the verb buscar is conjugated regularly. You start with the stem busc- and add the imperfect ending for -ar verbs (aba, abas, aba, bamos, aban). The imperfect tense can be translated as was searching for or used to search for. Yo buscaba I used to search for Yo buscabamis llaves por toda la casa. Tà º buscabas You used tosearch for Tà º buscabasa Carlitos en la escuela. Usted/à ©l/ella buscaba You/he/she used to search for Ella buscabala respuesta en el libro. Nosotros buscbamos We used to search for Nosotros buscbamosinformacià ³n en Internet. Vosotros buscabais You used to search for Vosotros buscabais trabajo. Ustedes/ellos/ellas buscaban You/they used to search for Ellos buscaban oportunidades para mejorar. Buscar Future Indicative To conjugate the future tense, start with the infinitive (buscar) and add the future tense endings (à ©, s, , emos, à ©is, n). Yo buscarà © I will search for Yo buscarà ©mis llaves por toda la casa. Tà º buscars Youwillsearch for Tà º buscarsa Carlitos en la escuela. Usted/à ©l/ella buscar You/he/shewill search for Ella buscarla respuesta en el libro. Nosotros buscaremos Wewill search for Nosotros buscaremos informacià ³n en Internet. Vosotros buscarà ©is Youwill search for Vosotros buscarà ©istrabajo. Ustedes/ellos/ellas buscarn You/theywill search for Ellos buscarn oportunidades para mejorar. Buscar PeriphrasticFuture Indicative To conjugate the periphrastic future you need the present indicative conjugation of the verb ir (to go), the preposition a, and the infinitive buscar. Yo voy a buscar I am going to search for Yo voy a buscarmis llaves por toda la casa. Tà º vasa buscar You aregoing to search for Tà º vasa buscar a Carlitos en la escuela. Usted/à ©l/ella vaa buscar You/he/shegoing to search for Ella vaa buscarla respuesta en el libro. Nosotros vamosa buscar We aregoing to search for Nosotros vamos a buscar informacià ³n en Internet. Vosotros vaisa buscar You aregoing to search for Vosotros vaisa buscartrabajo. Ustedes/ellos/ellas vana buscar You/they aregoing to search for Ellos vana buscar oportunidades para mejorar. Buscar Present Progressive/Gerund Form In order to form the gerund or present participle, use the stem of the verb and add the ending -ando (for -ar verbs). The present participle can be used to form progressive tenses such as the present progressive, usually formed with the auxiliary verb estar. Present Progressive ofBuscar est buscando She is searching for Ella est buscando la respuesta en el libro. Buscar Past Participle To form the past participle, start with the stem of the verb busc- and add the ending -ado (for -ar verbs). One of the uses of the past participle is to form perfect tenses like the present perfect, which uses the auxiliary verb haber. Present Perfect of Buscar ha buscado She has searched for Ella ha buscado la respuesta en el libro. Buscar Conditional Indicative The conditional tense can be used to talk about possibilities, and is usually translated to English as would verb. The conditional is formed similarly to the future tense, starting with the infinitive form and adding the corresponding ending. Yo buscarà ­a I would search for Yo buscarà ­amis llaves por toda la casa, pero no tengo paciencia. Tà º buscarà ­as Youwould search for Tà º buscarà ­as a Carlitos en la escuela si saliera temprano. Usted/à ©l/ella buscarà ­a You/he/shewould search for Ella buscarà ­a la respuesta en el libro si fuera necesario. Nosotros buscarà ­amos Wewould search for Nosotros buscarà ­amos informacià ³n en Internet si tuvià ©ramos una computadora. Vosotros buscarà ­ais Youwould search for Vosotros buscarà ­aistrabajo, pero os da pereza. Ustedes/ellos/ellas buscarà ­an You/theywould search for Ellos buscarà ­an oportunidades para mejorar si estuvieran ms motivados. Buscar Present Subjunctive To form the present subjunctive, use the stem of the first person singular present indicative (yo busco) and add the subjunctive endings. For -ar verbs, the endings all contain the vowel e, so you must include the spelling change c to qu. Que yo busque That I search for Es necesario que yo busque mis llaves por toda la casa. Que tà º busques That you search for Mam necesita que tà º busques a Carlitos en la escuela. Que usted/à ©l/ella busque That you/he/she search for La profesora recomienda que ella busquela respuesta en el libro. Que nosotros busquemos That we search for El bibliotecario sugiere que nosotros busquemos informacià ³n en Internet. Que vosotros busquà ©is That you search for Pap pide que vosotros busquà ©is trabajo. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas busquen That you/they search for La jefa espera que ellos busquen oportunidades para mejorar. Buscar Imperfect Subjunctive There are two options for conjugating the imperfect subjunctive. Although they are both considered correct, usage depends on location, as some countries prefer one option over the other. Option 1 Que yo buscara That I searched for Era necesario que yobuscara mis llaves por toda la casa. Que tà º buscaras That you searched for Mam necesitaba que tà º buscaras a Carlitos en la escuela. Que usted/à ©l/ella buscara That you/he/she searched for La profesora recomendaba que ella buscara la respuesta en el libro. Que nosotros buscramos That we searched for El bibliotecario sugerà ­a que nosotros buscramosinformacià ³n en Internet. Que vosotros buscarais That you searched for Pap pedà ­a que vosotros buscarais trabajo. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas buscaran That you/they searched for La jefa esperaba que ellos buscaran oportunidades para mejorar. Option 2 Que yo buscase That I searched for Era necesario que yobuscase mis llaves por toda la casa. Que tà º buscases That you searched for Mam necesitaba que tà º buscases a Carlitos en la escuela. Que usted/à ©l/ella buscase That you/he/she searched for La profesora recomendaba que ella buscase la respuesta en el libro. Que nosotros buscsemos That we searched for El bibliotecario sugerà ­a que nosotros buscsemosinformacià ³n en Internet. Que vosotros buscaseis That you searched for Pap pedà ­a que vosotros buscaseis trabajo. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas buscasen That you/they searched for La jefa esperaba que ellos buscasen oportunidades para mejorar. Buscar Imperative In order to give orders or commands, you need the imperative mood. Notice that in the imperative sometimes you will need to make the spelling change c to qu. Positive Commands Tà º busca Search for!  ¡Busca a Carlitos en la escuela! Usted busque Search for!  ¡Busque la respuesta en el libro! Nosotros busquemos Let's search for!  ¡Busquemos informacià ³n en Internet! Vosotros buscad Search for!  ¡Buscad trabajo! Ustedes busquen Search for!  ¡Busquen oportunidades para mejorar! Negative Commands Tà º no busques Don't search for!  ¡No busques a Carlitos en la escuela! Usted no busque Don't search for!  ¡No busque la respuesta en el libro! Nosotros no busquemos Let's not search for!  ¡No busquemos informacià ³n en Internet! Vosotros no busquà ©is Don't search for!  ¡No busquà ©is trabajo! Ustedes no busquen Don't search for!  ¡No busquen oportunidades para mejorar!

Study skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Study skills - Essay Example HARMON, P. (2007). Business process change a guide for business managers and BPM and six sigma professionals. Amsterdam, Elsevier. [Online]. Available from: http://www.worldcat.org/title/business-process-change-a-guide-for-business-managers-and-bpm-and-six-sigma-professionals/oclc/162131603 According to Aalst et al., (2003) the core purpose for the formation of any business venture is to make profit. For the profit to be realized in the business, input, and the output must be balanced in a manner that the input is less than the output. Profit maximization requires efficiency and effectiveness in the management of the resources of an organization. Management of the resources of an organization thus needs the development of a well-organized management plan that will ensure that there is no wastage of the resources as well as utilizing the available to their maximum potential. The most significant resource in an organization that can be manipulated by the management is a human resource. The employees of a business can be motivated for achievement of the intended goals of the business; thus, an appropriate means of managing the human resource is a crucial strategy that must be developed in an organization ( Harmon, 2007). HARTMANN, P. (2014). New business creation: systems for institutionalized radical innovation management. [Online]. Available from: http://www.worldcat.org/title/new-business-creation-systems-for-institutionalized-radical-innovation-management/oclc/880892027 According to Teece (2010), strategic management of a business is a systematic process that involves the formulation of the goals and objectives of the institution. In the process of formulating the objectives of the organization, the management must take into consideration the available resources, the operational environment of the business as well as a timeline for the achievement

Business Consulting Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Consulting Paper - Essay Example The external consultant advices different clients compared to an internal consultant who only advises his company. This essay expounds on what is a business consultant and his or her respective roles and responsibilities. A business consultant is a person who is an expert in business fields and offers advice and guidance to firms mostly at a fee. The business fields include finance, management, accountancy, human resource and procurement. For instance, a finance consultant advises a firm on management issues of finances and how to get the finances. He or she advises them on how to issue stocks, rights issues, bonds and any other tactic of gaining capital from the shareholders. He or she advises the client on how to join the stock exchange markets to trade in stocks. This is done to improve the capital base of an organization thus facilitating its growth. An example of a firm providing financial consultant services is Deloitte Consulting LLP (Malone, 2012). A management consultant who is still a business consultant, advises firms on any management issues. He or she guides a firm when setting up its organization structure, and also when coming up with the roles and responsibilities in every position. A management consultant also helps any organization to choose the best organization culture that would improve the performance of the employees. An example of management consultant firm is the McKinsey & Company. It has been offering these services since 1926. Human resource consultant gives guidance to an organization on how to handle its human resource; a framework on how to recruit, induct and associate with new employees is set by the help of a human resource consultant. An example is Mercer LLC in the United States, which has many offices worldwide (Malone, 2012). Finally, a procurement consultant who is still a business consultant,

Speech Defects Essay Example for Free

Speech Defects Essay Introduction Speech Defects are any imperfect verbal utterances that occur even when the message being expressed has been properly formulated in the individual’s mind and are linguistically intact. They represent the most prevalent type of communication disorder found in humans. They may result from (1) maldevelopment or damage within the nervous system; (2) maldevelopment or damage in the peripheral structures producing speech; (3) faulty learning; and (4) functional disruptions arising from other causes. Lisping is one of the most common types of articulatory defects caused by faulty learning and, in some cases, can be related to concomitant disorders in the hearing mechanism, such as impairment in auditory acuity or auditory discrimination. Lisping is the incorrect pronunciation of certain sounds, chiefly /s/ and /z/, in the ordinary speech (Encyclopedia Americana). The most common type of error involves the substitution of a surd (voiceless) th sound for s and a sonant (voiced) th for z. Similar sound substitutions may occur for sh and ch. All of these articulatory substitutions are often classified as lisps. In some cases the tongue protrudes through the aperture of the teeth, producing what is called an interdental lisp or frontal lisp. In other instances the tongue tip does not protrude between the teeth but may maintain a firm contact against the upper teeth or the frontal part of the hard palate, while the air stream is forced around one or both sides of the upthrust tongue, producing a lateral lisp. Finally, there is the palatal lisp which is not found in typical speech development. Here, the mid-section of the tongue comes in contact with the soft palate, quite far back. Nevertheless, lisping as an isolated speech characteristic does not usually reduce the person’s intelligibility unduly. Most people can easily understand what the person with a lisp is saying. This study is being proposed to determine the different factors that contribute to the acquisition of the defect particularly frontal lisp, its indications, practices that may cause it, and its possible solutions. Evaluation based on the reactions of the respondent shall be made to address the above mentioned queries. With the foregoing impressions of the writer, this study hopes to enlighten people about frontal lisp and the actions that should be taken about it. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The respondent appears to have a difficulty in pronouncing the /s/ and /z/ sounds. The error involves the substitution of the mentioned sounds with either a voiced or voiceless /th/. This resembles the defects caused by frontal lisp. The misplacement of the tongue during articulation causes these unclear speech sounds. This study intends to answer the following questions: 1. What could be the root cause of the respondent’s speech impediment? 2. Is there a relation between the difficulty of the respondent and her family background? 3. What steps should be taken to lessen or even eliminate the defect? 3. Is the respondent’s case a permanent one? SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The respondent is expected to gain more knowledge and understanding about the speech disorder during the whole process. Should she exhibit improvement in her speech, we can expect this to boost her morale. With the respondent gaining more confidence in her speech and ease in expressing herself, she is sure to reach greater heights and farther horizons in terms of her social and educational well-being. People with similar defects may, likewise, practice this kind of therapy to experience improvement in and awareness of their speech capabilities. Should an advanced and wider study and practice of this research be created, more people with similar speech defect can be helped. Most especially those people who could not afford the services of speech pathologists and audiologists. This will surely produce more competent speakers in the country. DEFINITION OF TERMS Aperture – (Noun) the opening between the upper and lower frontal teeth Auditory acuity – (Noun) keenness of the auditory skills Audiologist – (Noun) a healthcare professional who performs hearing tests Concomitant disorder – (Noun) a disorder that occurs in connection with another defect Intelligibility – (Noun) the quality of language that is comprehensible Interdental – (Adjective) between the teeth Lateral – (Adjective) situated at or extending to the side Palate – (Noun) the upper surface of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities Protrude – (Verb) to extend out or project in space; bulge outward Speech impediment – (Noun) interference or delay in the progress or development of speech Speech pathologist – (Noun) a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and therapy for patients with speech defects Sonant – (Noun) a speech sound accompanied by sound from the vocal chords; (Adjective) produced with vibration of the vocal chords Surd – (Noun) a consonant produced without sound from the vocal chords

The Physics of the Curve Ball :: Physics Research Papers

The Physics of the Curve Ball Dad said that one of these days I would figure it out, but to this day I am still clueless. I have always been able to throw a decent curve ball; you don’t just throw 6 one hit games in your high school career without one. I have always wondered why and how the ball curves through the air, and it wasn’t until now that I have really had the chance to research a topic that has puzzled me for so long. I would bet that even pitchers in the â€Å"Big show† don’t know how or why, but they obviously have the talent and ability. I don’t know when the first curveball was thrown or who threw it, but there is a lot of controversy out there about whether or not the curveball really exists. The only forces on the curveball were thought to be gravity and air resistance, ( ). So obviously, the path of the â€Å"curveball† was just an illusion, because the effects of gravity pulled the ball toward the ground, at 9.8 meters/squared seconds, as soon as the ball left the pitcher’s finger tips, and the air drag is just the force acting in the opposite direction slowing the ball as soon as the ball is hurled from the same point mentioned above. Concluding that the ball does not curve; the ball just follows the path of expected projectile motion. Even as technology presents itself, scientists have been able to show step by step, strobe photos of a curve ball and conclude that the curveball was just an optical illusion( ). I have to admit that I have seen this illusive curveball many, many times. Believe me, I know because I have been punched out by the umpire on a called strike three because I was just standing there like a deer caught in the headlights with my thumb up my, you know what, as the ball goes right by. I am not happy about being just another statistic in the score books, as I have been fooled by the â€Å"junk† as some in the game would call that pitch. But I do know one thing, there is no illusion there. As you are up to the plate, battling a pitcher with a good curveball, you know that the pitch coming right at you will get you to first base with a good feeling that you are a base runner instead of a strike out victim.

Legal Studies

Thompson-Starr (B) Police Officer, excessive force, qualified immunity. Part One For many years police officers have enjoyed the power of authority over the general public with the motto â€Å"to protect and serve†. If this is the case, then let this become the yardstick that will measure the conduct that police most earnestly proclaim. Police officers are held as the safeguard of the community. They are designed to protect the people from the criminal elements and serve as role models for those who need to understand law and order. But when this breach occurs, when the police believe that they can do whatever they decide without a form of accountability, police brutality is birthed. The case of Solomon v. Auburn Hills Police Department is a prime example of unnecessary police involvement. This case is a result of information, misinformation, direction, and misdirection as to the physical presence of an adult to accompany children to a particular movie in that theatre. To have two beefy police officers arrive to resolve a dispute over a ticket purchase to me appears to have been a waste of valuable police work. Nonetheless, the officers instructed Ms. Solomon to leave, which she refused believing that she had bought tickets in this theatre what was the difference of which show. The management made it clear that the children had to be accompanied and it was obvious that Ms. Solomon was not going to leave her minor children alone to go r-rated and could not leave the r-rated alone to go g-rated. Believing that she resolved it by just selecting one show, the security guards for some reason decided to evict her from the selected show because she did not purchase her ticket for the same movie. The police entered told Solomon she had to leave; again she refused. Officer Miller decided to arrest her for trespassing and grabbed her arm. Solomon pushed the seat backed away from the officer who decided now that she was getting arrested on charges of assaulting a police officer. The police persuaded her to the lobby where the altercation continued with Officer Miller and Raskin grabbing Solomon’s arms and slamming her up against a wall and pushing her face into a display case. This scuffle left Ms. Solomon injured. Ms. Solomon was later taken to the hospital and diagnosed with having a comminuted fracture of her left elbow, several bruises, and was hospitalized because she needed surgery for her fracture, scheduled a second surgery for later, and had to have physical therapy. Solomon later on a plea bargain pleaded guilty to trespass and attempted resisting arrest. The incident as a whole was over reactive, abusive, and dumb on both parties. The use of qualified immunity is designed to protect government officials from those who bring lawsuits against them because they did not agree with the discretionary matter in which the officials interpreted and enforced the law. The police use it to protect themselves if they exhibited excessive force they believed necessary to subdue a criminal. But the nature of the offense also has a bearing on how much force should be used. In this case the district court used the Saucier test to determine if Solomon’s constitutional rights violation was established and was the officer’s action reasonable by a reasonable objective officer’s standard. The court also determined the severity of the crime, if the person is a flight risk, and did their action take place because the police feared for their own safety. Because all of this fell short, the court affirmed the district court’s denial for summary judgment. Of course I agree with the opinion of the district court. If the police are quick to react to any given situation knowing that they are placed in a position to make split second decision, if they are not capable of such reasoning then they should seek another line of work. Police authority comes with knowledge, protection, sound judgment, and containment. It would be unreasonable to believe that police cannot arrest anyone. But is unreasonable is when they take their jobs so seriously that they endanger others by their actions. Because of one woman’s refusal to leave the theatre over a movie ticket, she is arrested, injured, and probably humiliated in front of her children all on the over reaction of two police officers. Although I believe that Officer Raskin should have been party to this since he neither aided nor stopped either party from going any further. Ms. Solomon’s refusal also played a role in causing this incident to spin out of control. She should have thought about her family’s safety first. When security guards arrived and then the police, a bell should have gone off in her head telling her something more was going to happen besides disputing a theatre ticket. Calmly get up out of the seat, return to the lobby, and then try to explain what happened and the rationale. If that failed then leave, the movie theatre made it such drama just to go to the right theatre and who could go where, to me it was not worth it. Thompson-Starr (D) Congress seeking to modify Miranda Rule The Miranda warning is what police must give when they arrest someone and place them into their custody. This warning must state the fact that what they say may be held against them and that they have the right to remain silent, to get an attorney, and to have a free attorney if they cannot afford one. When given properly, any statement made by the defendant during custody cannot be used in a court of law. Mirandize has become synonymous with protection against abusive police and their powers and overzealous prosecutors trying to get a speedy trial. When this rule became law, it was at a time when there was so much establishment protest and unrest that no one was definite on the government’s position of trying to maintain civil obedience. Through it all, the Miranda Warning helped protect the innocent as well as the guilty, key pieces of evidence got tossed because people claim they were not instructed to remain silent or entitled to legal representation. The question of reliability of statements made in police custody cannot be caused by fear, bargaining, physical and mental abuse. The ruling had controversy in the late sixties that Congress decided to create a law that would overrule the Supreme Court’s decision. The case of Dickerson v. United States is an example of the Miranda controversy. Dickerson, indicted for bank robbery, conspiracy to commit bank robbery and other charges, revealed some information to the FBI, decided later that he did not want it used at his trial and sought to have it suppressed. Standing on the Miranda warning, Dickerson claimed his rights were not read and was granted motion to suppress. The district court agreed that no Miranda was given but believes there was a gray area under a statute which makes the statements admissible and ruled Dickerson’s statements as voluntary. Congress challenged the Miranda by viewing it as not a constitutional holding and that congress by statute had the last say on its admissibility. The case was reviewed by the Supreme Court. The court acknowledged that custodial police interrogations increased concerns about questionable onfessions, the interrogation process is known for mental deprivation from isolation and pressure. The court further noted that this method only effect those who are weak and cannot withstand any confinement. Constitutional guidelines had been established so that when statements are made they would not violate anyone’s constitutional rights under the Fifth Amendment. The court continues to exp lain the necessities of Miranda and the challenges that many judges have to properly interpret the question of coercion versus voluntary. The question of overruling Miranda was put before the court to rule and they determined it be a constitutional rule that congress cannot supersede legislatively and therefore declined to overrule Miranda and reversed the court of appeals decision. From a liberal perspective, many civil liberties group would view this as a victory because the Supreme Court would not tamper with the Miranda ruling. The conservatives would challenge anything they believe affects the strength of the constitution. They believe that once a law has been established and based on constitutional findings, that no Johnny come lately law should easily reverse it. Thompson-Starr (E) Attorney compensation based on contingency fee arrangement A contingency fee is a payment to a lawyer of a percentage of the proceeds his client won in a case. The lawyer would receive nothing if his client does not recover anything. Clients have the right to discharge their attorneys without giving a reason but can be challenged as in the case of Joy Salmon v. Virginia Atkinson. This case covers the discharged attorneys suing under quantum meruit recovery for legal work that they performed while still retained by the client. Quantum meruit, as explained by the Illinois Supreme Court, is based on the implied promise of a recipient of services to pay for the services which are of value to him. The recipient would be unjustly enriched if he were able to retain the services without paying for them. It appears after reading this case, that the appellant wanted to use the appellees to do her legal research and not pay for it. First, she enters into a contract that states she would give the attorneys fifty percent of any recovery awarded plus costs and expenses. This is making the attorneys profit from this lawsuit more than the client. Secondly, after the appellees had drawn up a petition for the appellant to file, the appellate now wanted to think about filing the claim that she originally implement through the attorneys. Then it took her several weeks to decide that she no longer needed their services even though she took the petition with her. To avoid further verbal communication with them, appellant discharges them by a letter. The attorneys notified their ex-client to inform her that she ended an agreement or contract and they are entitled to work done, especially after finding out that the appellant filed her claim pro se. The attorneys took the ex-client to court and the circuit court ruled in favor of the appellees. The appellant filed a motion of judgment notwithstanding the verdict, arguing that because the contingent fee contract specified that no fee can be recovered if there is not any recovery. The appellant continued filing motions hoping that one would be granted. Then appellant finally filed an appeal. On the appeal, appellant argued that appellees should not have been able to collect a quantum meruit fee because there was no recovery and this was written in the contract. The court then oscillated with the California rule versus the New York rule. Under the California rule, attorneys that are discharged are barred from receiving any recovery if the client did not receive any. Under the New York rule, discharged attorneys recovery is not tied into the client’s recovery and therefore can receive compensation for work done prior to their termination. The Supreme Court of Arkansas citing Illinois’s Supreme Court held that the claimant’s recovery should not be linked to a contingency contract, but on quantum meruit, getting what their rightfully deserve. Why shouldn’t the attorneys receive what they rightfully worked on? They did not request to still consider the fifty percent, cost, and expenses. All they wanted was money for the time, research, and hard work they put together to provide a petition that they later presented to the client who ended up taking it with her and stalling them by saying she had to think about a procedure that she initiated over her deceased common law spouse’s estate. If a client would walk into an attorney’s office and hire him to do all the legal research and writing of necessary documents, then later decides they no longer requires their services, I would view as a deceptive means of gaining legal help without paying for it. It is not morally right and now there is a law that shows that there is a remedy if this happens by unscrupulous people. The court in this case did not touch on the right to discharge the attorney, what they focused on was the recovery for work performed.

The Impact of Corporate Governance on Firm Performance in Mauritius

Introduction Corporate governance is a field in economics that investigates how to secure/motivate efficient management of corporations by the use of incentive mechanisms, such as contracts, organizational designs and legislation. This is often limited to the question of improving financial performance, for example, how the corporate owners can secure/motivate that the corporate managers will deliver a competitive rate of return. (Mathiesen, 2002). Another definition is â€Å"Corporate Governance is concerned with holding the balance between economic and social goals and between individual and communal goals. The corporate governance framework is there to encourage the efficient use of resources and equally to require accountability for the stewardship of those resources. The aim is to align as nearly as possible the interests of individuals, corporations and society† (Sir Adrian Cadbury in ‘Global Corporate Governance Forum', World Bank, 2000). According to La Porta et al. (2000) â€Å"corporate governance is to a certain extent a set of mechanisms through which outside investors protect themselves against expropriation by the insiders†. The problem is to see whether the corporate governance standards adopted by firms in Mauritius are positively, negatively or more affecting the firms’ performance. Research will be made on a sample of firms operating in Mauritius. Literature Review Related searches in other countries It has been argued that as ownership concentration increases, the incentives and the abilities of shareholders to properly monitor managers increase too. This creates beneficial effect for firms in the sense that performance or profitability improves (Morck et al. 1989)). There are studies which find that higher ownership concentration lead to detrimental effects for corporations in the sense that large blockholders and managers can collude to extract rents from small shareholders (Lehman and Weigand (2000)). The study by Demsetz and Villalonga (2001) provides evidence that there is no significant relation between ownership structure and firm performance. Chhaochharia and Grinstein (2007) looked a t the impact of the 2002 governance rules established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on firm value. They found that less compliant firms earn positive abnormal returns compared to more compliant firms. They also found that less compliant large firms earn positive abnormal returns but less compliant small firms earn negative abnormal returns. Bhagat and Bolton (2008) examined the relationship between corporate governance and performance, and found that better corporate governance, board members’ stock ownership, and CEO-Chair separation are positively related to operating performance. They also found that the probability of management turnover is positively related to board members’ stock ownership and board independence when firms perform poorly. Patibandla (2006) examined the ownership structure and firm performance on Indian firms by separating large investors into private foreignin stitutional investors and government-owned local financial institutions. Patibandla found a positive relationship between private foreign institutional investors and firm profitability and a negative relationship between government-owned local financial institutions and firm profitability. Aims & Objectives of Research The aim of this investigation is to make a research on the impact of corporate governance on the performance of firms in Mauritius. The research is going to see the contribution that corporate governance has made on the firms’ financial performance. The research seeks to evaluate the performance of firms in terms of: †¢ Firms’ financial performance †¢ Firms market value The research aim at looking standards which are contributing to high mprovement in firms’ performance and to look also those standards that are contributing to poor performance. The objectives are: †¢ Identify the causes that contribute to high or poor firms’ performance †¢ Measures that can be used to improve the poor performance of firms by comparing their corporate standards adopted by firms experiencing high performance. Research Methodology Sample A sample size of 10 firms is to be selected operating in the private sector of Mauritius. Data The data will be obtained from annual reports for the year 2007 and 2008. Questionnaire A questionnaire will be sent to those firms via letters. The questionnaire will contained defined questions that are relevant to the related research. The questionnaire should be filled by the executives of the respective firms. Methodology Some data will be obtained by looking at secondary data and the other data will be received by letters (Questionnaire). These primary and secondary data will be input in the SPSS software which will analyse and give the result of the analysis of the collected data. Tentative Grant Chat |Activities |9-Sep |9-Oct |9-Nov |9-Dec |10-Jan |10-Feb |10-Mar | Introduction |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |Literature review |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |Research Methodology |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |Analysis of data |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |Conclusion |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | | References †¢ Bhagat Sanjai, and Brian Bolton, 2008, Corporate governance and firm performance, Journal of Corporate Finance, Vol. 14, pp. 257-273. Chhaochharia Vidhi, and Yaniv Grinstein, 2007, Corporate governance and firm value: The impact of the 2002 governance rules, Journal of Finance, Vol. LXII, No. 4, pp. 1789-1825 †¢ Demsetz, H. and B. Villalonga, 2001, Ownership structure and corporate performance, Journal of Corporate Finance, vol. 7, 209-233. †¢ La Porta, Lopez-de-Silannes, Shleifer, Vishny. Investor perfomance and corporate governance. Journal of Financial Economics. 58 (2000). 3-27. †¢ Lehman, E. and J. Weigand, 2000, Does the governed corporation perform better? Governance structures and corporate performance in Germany, European Finance Review,vol. 4, 157-195. †¢ Mathiesen (2002) http://corpgov. net/library/definitions. html †¢ Morck, R. , A. Shleifer and R. Vishny, 1989, Alternative mechanisms of corporate control,American Economic Review, vol. 79, 842-852. †¢ Patibandla Murali, 2006, Equity pattern, corporate governance and performance: A study of India’s corporate sector, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 59, pp. 29-44. †¢ Sir Adrian Cadbury in ‘Global Corporate Governance Forum', World Bank, 2000

First American Woman to Vote - Claimants

First American Woman to Vote - Claimants An often-asked question: who was the first woman to vote in the United States, the first female voter? First Woman to Vote in America If that includes in the area that later became the United States, there are some candidates. Some Native American women had rights to voice, and what we might now call a vote before European settlers arrive. The question usually refers to women voters in the new governments established by European settlers and their descendants. European settlers and their descendants? The evidence is sketchy. Women property-owners were sometimes given and sometimes exercised the right to vote during colonial times. In 1647, Margaret Brent of Maryland colony assumed her right to vote twice once for herself as a property owner and once for Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore, because he had given her a power of attorney. The governor denied her request.Deborah Moody, in 1655, cast a vote in New Netherlands (which later became New York). She had the right to vote because she had a land grant in her own name.Lydia Taft, in 1756, was credited with being the first woman to legally vote in the British colonies of the New World, in an 1864 address by Judge Henry Chapin.  Taft voted in town meetings in Uxbridge, Massachusetts. First Woman to Vote Because all unmarried women who owned property had the right to vote from 1776-1807  in New Jersey, and there were no records kept of what time each voted in the first election there, the name of the first woman in the United States to legally vote (after independence) is likely lost in the mists of history. Later, other jurisdictions granted women the vote, sometimes for a limited purpose (such as Kentucky allowing women to vote in school board elections beginning in 1838). Here are some candidates for the title of first woman to vote: Unknown. New Jersey gave all inhabitants (with property) and thus (unmarried) women the right to vote in its state constitution in 1776, then rescinded this right in 1807. The 1807 bill also rescinded the right of black men to vote. (Married women fell under the rule of coverture and could not vote.) First Woman to Vote Legally in the United States After 1807 September 6, 1870: Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie Wyoming voted. (Source: Women of Achievement and Herstory, Irene Stuber) Woman Voting and the 19th Amendment This is another title with a lot of uncertainty about who should be credited. First Woman to Vote in California 1868: Charley Parkie Parkhurst who voted as a man (Source: Highway 17: The Road to Santa Cruz by Richard Beal) First Woman to Vote in Illinois Ellen Annette Martin, 1869. (Source: Early Illinois Women timeline, Alliance Library System, Illinois.)In a municipal election in Illinois: Clara Colby. (Source: Illinois General Assembly resolution 90_HR0311) First Woman to Vote in Iowa Clarke County: Mary Osmond, October 25, 1920. (Source: Clarke County, Iowa, Genealogy, Osceola Sentinel, 28 October 1920)Union Township: Mrs. O.C. Coffman (Source: Fluxus Indian Museum) First Woman to Vote in Kansas General Election in Kansas: name not given (Source: Kansas State Historical Society timeline, from First Woman to Vote at a General Election in Kansas, November 4, 1880)Lincoln County: Mrs. Anna C. Ward (Source: A Souvenir History of Lincoln County, Kansas, by Elizabeth N. Barr, 1908) First Woman to Vote in Maine Roselle Huddilston ​voted. (Source: Maine Sunday Telegram, 1996) First Woman to Vote in Massachusetts Clinton: Jennie Mahan Hutchins (Source: The Mahan Family archives)Concord: In 1879, Louisa May Alcott registered as the first woman to vote in the Concord school committee election (Source: Library of Congress) First Woman to Vote in Michigan Nannette Brown Ellingwood Gardner voted. (Source: Michigan Historical Collections) - sources are unclear whether Gardner voted, or recorded that Sojourner Truth voted. First Woman to Vote in Missouri Mrs. Marie Ruoff Byrum  voted, August 31, 1920, 7 a.m.   First Woman to Vote in New Hampshire Marilla Ricker cast a vote in 1920, but it wasnt counted. First Woman to Vote in New York Larchmont, under the Suffrage Act: Emily Earle Lindsley voted. (Source: Larchmont Place-Names) First Woman to Vote in Oregon Abigail Duniway voted, date not given. First Woman to Vote in Texas Bexar County, 1918: Mary Eleanor Brackenridge registered to vote. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online)Dallas County, 1944: Juanita Jewel Shanks Craft became the first black woman to vote in the county. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online)Harris County, June 27, 1918: Hortense Sparks Ward registered to vote. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online)Panola County: Margie Elizabeth Neal registered to vote. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online)San Antonio: Elizabeth Austin Turner Fry. (Source: Handbook of Texas Online) First Woman to Vote in Utah Martha Hughes Cannon, date not given. (Source: State of Utah) First Woman to Vote in West Virginia Cabbell County: Irene Drukker Broh voted. (Source: West Virginia Archives and History) First Woman to Vote in Wyoming September 6, 1870: Louisa Ann Swain, Laramie, Wyoming. (Source: Women of Achievement and Herstory, Irene Stuber)1869, unnamed. A likely misunderstanding: women were given the vote in December 1869, but its unlikely an election was held that year after suffrage was granted. First American Woman to Vote for Her Husband as President Florence Harding, Mrs. Warren G. Harding voted. (Source: Florence Harding by Carl Sferrazza Anthony) Sacagawea - First Woman to Vote? She voted on decisions as a member of the Lewis and Clark expedition. This was not an official election, and in any case, was after 1776, when New Jersey (unmarried) women could vote on the same basis as men (Sacagawea, sometimes spelled Sacajawea, was born about 1784). Susan B. Anthony - First Woman to Vote? November 5, 1872: Susan B. Anthony and 14 or 15 other women voted in a Presidential election, having registered to vote in order to test the interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment. Anthony was tried in 1873 for illegally voting.

Nouns in Spanish and How They Are Used

Nouns in Spanish and How They Are Used Nouns are an essential part of speech in Spanish and English and can be found in most sentences. Definition of ‘Noun’ In English and Spanish, a noun is a word that refers to and names a person, place, thing, concept, entity, or action. By itself, a noun does not indicate any action or indicate how it relates to other words. Grammatically, a noun can serve as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb or preposition. Nouns can also be described by adjectives or replaced by  pronouns. Similarities and Differences Between Nouns in Spanish and English Nouns function in much the same way in Spanish and English. They typically but not necessarily come before a verb and relate to other parts of speech in similar ways. They can be singular or plural. But there are at least three major differences: Spanish nouns have gender. Nouns listed as such in dictionaries are either masculine or feminine. The designation is often arbitrary - some words associated with males are feminine, and a word such as persona (person) is feminine whether it refers to males or females. Some words can be masculine or feminine depending on the meaning. The significance of gender is that masculine nouns are accompanied by masculine adjectives, and feminine nouns use feminine adjectives.Complete sentences in Spanish do not need nouns (or even pronouns)  if the meaning remains clear without them, in part because verb conjugation and gendered adjectives give more information about the subject in Spanish than they do in English. For example, rather than saying Mi coche es rojo for My car is red (coche is the word for car) you could say merely Es rojo if its clear what youre talking about.In English it is very common for nouns to function as adjectives; such nouns are called attributive nouns. For example, in dog leash, dog is an attributive noun. But with rare exceptions, Spanish connects the descriptive noun to the main noun using a preposition, often de. Thus a dog leash is either correa de perro (literally, leash of dog) or correa para perros (leash for dogs). Types of Spanish Nouns Spanish nouns can be classified in numerous ways; six types are listed below. The categories listed here are not exclusive - most nouns in fact fit into more than one category. And since Spanish and English both come from Indo-European, these categories apply to English as well. Common nouns are the most common type of noun. A common noun refers to things, being or concepts without referring to a specific one of them. For example, humano (human) is a common noun, but Catrina is not, because it refers to a specific human. Other examples of common nouns include ordenador (computer), valle (valley), felicidad (happiness), and grupo (group).Proper nouns refer to a specific thing or being. As in English, Spanish proper nouns are typically capitalized. Examples of proper nouns include Casa Blanca (White House), Enrique (Henry), Panam (Panama), and Torre Eiffel (Eiffel Tower). Some nouns can be either common or proper, depending on the context. For example, Luna is a proper noun when referring to the moon that circles the Earth (note the capitalization), while luna is a common noun when it refers to a planetary satellite in general.Countable nouns refer to entities that can be counted. Examples include casa (house), loma (hill), mà ³vil (cellphone), and nariz (nos e).Uncountable nouns, sometimes called partitive nouns, refer to things that cant be counted, such as concepts. Examples include tristeza (sadness), indignacià ³n (anger), and opulencia (opulence). Many nouns can be countable or uncountable depending on how they are used. For example, leche (milk) is countable when it refers to types of milk but uncountable when referring to quantities. Collective nouns are used to represent a group of individual nouns. Examples of collective nouns include rebaà ±o  (flock),  multitud (multitude), and equipo (team).Abstract nouns refer to qualities or concepts rather than things or beings. Examples include inteligencia (intelligence), miedo (fright), and virtud (virtue). Key Takeaways Nouns in English in Spanish function in sentences in very similar ways and can be classified in the same ways.A key difference between the nouns of the two languages is that Spanish nouns have gender.Pronouns sometimes substitute for nouns, and in Spanish subject nouns are frequently omitted from complete sentences.

Ikea Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Ikea - Research Paper Example According to a research made in 2008, the company has been considered as the largest furniture retailing firm in the world. Overtime, proportions of discretionary spending of consumers in most economies have increased with rise in per capita. Such changes in composition of consumers’ expenditure have helped to enhance revenues of comfort product producing companies like, IKEA (Peng, 2010). Even so, it is also true that since the global financial crisis, aggregate income generated from the retail sector in the international market has fallen due to recessionary trails in economies. A very strong rival of IKEA, MFI Group Limited (a furniture retailing firm in U.K.) was forced to shut down its business during such critical conditions. So, since 2008, IKEA is facing strategic issues in business. The aggregate sales of the firm were recorded as 20.9 billion in 2009 and annual growth was approximately 1.4% since then (IKEA Group, 2013c). Rather, due to financial crunches, IKEA had t o cut down almost 5000 jobs in 2009 (IKEA Group, 2013b). Thus, from the above analysis, it can be claimed that the company needs to frame appropriate productive strategies in business which will help it to expand the scope of business internationalization and increase revenue in the long run. The following context of the paper will study the strategic initiatives that are already undertaken by IKEA as well as suggest ways through which the company would be able to strategically grow in the long run (Twarowska and Kąkol, 2013). From the above context, it is evident that IKEA is facing problems since emergence of the financial crisis. The company lacks adequate manpower to enhance its overall productivity. Moreover, aggregate demand experienced in company’s domestic market has also fallen. This is evident from the annual report of the company. The gross revenue of IKEA was recorded as US$ 2583982 in 2012 and US$ 2406539 in 2011 (IKEA Group, 2013a). Even so, the liabilities in business