10 Facts That Will Make Economics Dissertations More Interesting Even to Professors

10 Facts That Will Make Economics Dissertations More Interesting Even to Professors The world of economics is a young and not well-explored terra incognita. There is an abundance of thesis topics for economics among which the student can select the most appealing one. It is possible to conduct a full-fledged investigation with the high practical value. Economics dissertations are among the most required ones, and writing one will surely bring you a decent reputation regardless of its potential difficulty. Continue reading below to get acquainted with 10 fascinating facts from the world of economics. The practice of full-life hiring in Japan.  The system of full-life hiring in Japan, when the worker stays at the same company from the first day of hiring until the last was established starting with the last century when large economical conglomerates emerged out of small manufactures. Such a type of work became totally new, and there were no similar economical models neither in Europe nor in the US. The hiring became possible due to socio mental peculiarities of the nation and the philosophy of paternalism within the corporation that is adaptable to all spheres of Japanese society.Such model contributed greatly to the development of the country as the corporation does everything possible to satisfy the needs of the workers and the employees, in return, do everything for the prosperity of the company. Such methodology is beneficial for both company and state due to the economic growth of the country. Pigou taxation implementation.  In order to deal with the growing rate of environmental pollution, most economists offer to implement a so-called Pigou Tax on harmful emissions. The aim of this tax is to lower the negative factors from industrial activity of the companies. To avoid high taxes, companies from the entire world will develop more rational and cost-effective businesses.The companies have issued the limit for emissions quantity, and if the companies manage to fit into the limit, they can sell the remaining quota to other companies increasing their profit. However, the methodology of short-term implementation is currently in development but has a great potential. The Big Mac index.  The economic level of the world can be estimated in hamburger, and that is not a joke. London Economist journal in the 1980s has used the term The Big Mac index as the means of purchasing capability of the world currencies. The product served as perfect indexation means due to its universality and presence in almost any country in the world. Basically, in 2001, the price was 2.5USD, and in Switzerland, it cost 3.7USD, while in Malaysia the price was only 1.2USD. As a result, in Malaysia, you can buy more burgers per dollar than in previous two countries as the country has the lowest currency rate among all. Shock-therapy.  This is one of the numerous economic theories that is based on implementing the radical economic theories in order to take the country out of the crisis. The topic seems rather effective in terms of putting into practice as the government takes the leading part in this procedure. There is no equal position regarding its efficiency, and there are numerous groups of both opponents and supporters of the theory. The religion does matter.  It is surprising, yet true that economics is composed not only of numbers and formulas. In some cases, even a joke can undermine the state of affairs as it happened after caricature case in Denmark when a joking picture of Muhammad was published in the magazine.   The Muslim population disliked such a dishonorable treatment of the prophet so much that they started to ignore the Danish products. After half a year of such silent treatment, the gross export level of Denmark reduced by 15.5%. Until public excuses were made, the government has lost 134 million euros. The experts consider that losses were even greater as the potential investments and service sectors were not taken under thorough examination. The alternate labor shops existed.  In 1827, there was a first alternate labor shop established in Cincinnati by the anarchist Josiah Warren. It was possible to purchase goods with 7% markup, and that was much cheaper than buying from the competitors. The customers paid for goods not with money but with an equivalent of physical labor. The standard rate was 5 kg of grain per working hour. People could pay not only for goods but also for some special services in this manner. The US is the prison nation.  It is sad to admit, but 2.5 million of American citizens inhabit the prison cells. The number is greater than the population of Dallas, Philadelphia, and even New Mexico State. It has got 25% of the world’s imprisoned population. People have to pay the taxes for maintaining the lives of the criminals, and each of the incarcerates costs 60 thousand dollars for a year of captivity. That is the yearly salary of an average teacher. Being old is extremely expensive.  53% of the US population is afraid to retire as, by rough calculations, they will have to prepare quarter millions of dollars for medical expenses with all extra payments and prescriptions. People start to save money at a very early age of 40-45 years. Africa can become top grain producer of the world.  60% of African soil is not used for growing crops, and that is the greatest chance to invest in the horticulture sector. This approach will eliminate the unemployment as such a branch of industry will generate 8 million jobs until 2020. With proper reforms, the country can transform into the world agriculture leader. Beijing breaks all standards.  At the moment, China is the world leader in consumption of cement and iron ore – 53% and 48% of the world resources respectively. With such a tempo of growth, till the end of 2025, China will create near 50 thousand skyscrapers that are a rough equivalent of 10 New York Cities. The given information is only a peak of a giant iceberg that waits for the conquerors who will reveal all the secrets and bring them to the scientific society. References: Jokn V. Van Sickle Professor of Economics, Wabash College. ECONOMICS. D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc.  https://mises.org/sites/default/files/Introduction%20to%20Economics_5.pdf Kenichi Ohno. The Economic Development of Japan The Path Traveled by Japan as a Developing Country. National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies 7-22-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-8677,  grips.ac.jp/forum/pdf06/EDJ.pdf Frederick Golooba-Mutebi. Africa Rising: The Rwanda Story. Perspectives. Issue 1 February 2014 20- https://www.boell.de/sites/default/files/2014_1_perspectives_africa.pdf Albert Keidel. China’s Economic Fluctuations Implications for Its Rural Economy. CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE  https://carnegieendowment.org/files/keidel_china_fluctuations_final.pdf San Vicente Portes, Luis Atal, Vidya. (2014). The Big Mac Index: A Shortcut To Inflation And Exchange Rate Dynamics? Price Tracking And Predictive Properties. International Business Economics Research Journal (IBER). 13. 751. 10.19030/iber.v13i4.8683.  https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vidya_Atal/publication/297747002_The_Big_Mac_Index_A_Shortcut_To_Inflation_And_Exchange_Rate_Dynamics_Price_Tracking_And_Predictive_Properties/links/5728bc3f08ae2efbfdb7e321/The-Big-Mac-Index-A-Shortcut-To-Inflation-And-Exchange-Rate-Dynamics-Price-Tracking-And-Predictive-Properties.pdf?origin=publication_detail Davies, J.C.H. Kuipers, Giselinde Lewis, Paul Martin, Rod Oring, Elliott Raskin, Victor. (2008). The Muhammad cartoons and humor research: A collection of essays. Humor International Journal of Humor Research. 21. 10.1515/HUMOR.2008.001. http://dcpis.upf.edu/~ricard-zapata/~ricard-zapata/muhammad%20cartoons.pdf

That vs. Which

That vs. Which That vs. Which That vs. Which By Ali Hale One of our readers, Justin, recently wrote to ask: When proofreading a peers article on the solar system, I realized that she, and I, are unsure of the proper use of that and which in a sentence. Below is [SIC] two examples of the same sentence, one using that and the other which. To our knowledge, it is the only body in the solar system which currently sustains life, although several other bodies are under investigation. To our knowledge, it is the only body in the solar system that currently sustains life, although several other bodies are under investigation. Which is the correct sentence, and what is the general rule of thumb? Justin, Ill give you the answer now, rather than making you read to the end of the whole article: the second version of that sentence, using that is correct. When To Use That and When To Use Which Before I come on to the that/which rule, just a reminder that â€Å"who† should always be used when referring to people. The boy who threw the ball. This is the woman who always wears a black shawl. When referring to objects, though, the rule for using â€Å"that† and â€Å"which† correctly is simple: THAT should be used to introduce a restrictive clause. WHICH should be used to introduce a non-restrictive or parenthetical clause. If that leaves you more confused than when you began this article, read on A restrictive clause is one which is essential to the meaning of a sentence – if it’s removed, the meaning of the sentence will change. For example: Chairs that don’t have cushions are uncomfortable to sit on. Card games that involve betting money should not be played in school. To our knowledge, it is the only body in the solar system that currently sustains life A non-restrictive clause can be left out without changing the meaning of a sentence. Non-restrictive clauses are either in brackets or have a comma before and after them (or only before them if they come at the end of a sentence): Chairs, which are found in many places of work, are often uncomfortable to sit on. I sat on an uncomfortable chair, which was in my office. Why You Need to Use That or Which Correctly Changing that to which or vice versa can completely change the meaning of a sentence. Consider the following examples: My car that is blue goes very fast. My car, which is blue, goes very fast. The first sentence uses that – suggesting I own more than one car (and even implying my other cars might not be so fast). This is what happens if we leave out the clause and write: My car that is blue goes very fast. My car goes very fast. The sentence’s meaning has changed: the reader does not know which one of my cars goes very fast. However, the sentence using which simply informs the reader that my car is blue. We can take the clause out without losing any essential information: My car, which is blue, goes very fast. My car goes very fast. That and Which in Common Usage It is common today for which to be used with both non-restrictive and restrictive clauses, especially in informal contexts: Who ate the cake that I bought this morning? Who ate the cake which I bought this morning? The clause â€Å"that I bought this morning† is essential to the meaning – I’m not asking about a cake which I bought yesterday, or this afternoon. Therefore, the first example using â€Å"that† is the correct one, but many people would not consider the second ungrammatical. It is, however, incorrect even in informal contexts to use that for a non-restrictive or parenthical clause. For example, these sentences would be considered incorrect: This computer, that I have never liked, is very slow. The blue desk, that my father gave me. An easy way to watch out for these is to look for instances where you have a comma followed by the word that. If Id know this years ago, it would have saved me a lot of frustration with Microsoft Word! Even though the usage of which has been relaxed to some extent, it is still better to keep your writing as clear as possible by using which for only non-restrictive clauses, and that for restrictive ones. So, to return to Justins example: To our knowledge, it is the only body in the solar system which currently sustains life, although several other bodies are under investigation. To our knowledge, it is the only body in the solar system that currently sustains life, although several other bodies are under investigation. The second sentence, using that is correct, but many people would consider the first sentence permissible too. In a formal context such as a scientific paper, it is better to use that for total clarity. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Slang Terms for MoneyDo you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?Neither... or?